
The days of calling the dollar almighty may be numbered. 
Since World War  II, when the dollar eclipsed the British pound as the king of world currencies,  the United States has reaped the rewards of its monetary strength. The  greenback's sense of indestructibility allowed the U.S. government to borrow  cheaply and gave rise to an era of rich American globetrotters toting the  world's most easily convertible form of cash. 
But the financial crisis  that started in the United States is dramatically intensifying the debate over  the future of the dollar, and whether it can, or should, remain at the top of  the financial food chain. Although a meaningful shift away from the dollar is  likely to take years or more, some analysts believe that the debate is now  reaching a tipping point. 
Last week, the leaders of Brazil, Russia,  India and China -- whose governments are some of the world's largest dollar  holders -- jointly declared the need for a "more diversified international  monetary system," sparking a drop in the greenback on world markets. In recent  months, China in particular has led a campaign for a new world monetary order,  arguing that the financial crisis has exposed profound vulnerabilities in the  U.S. economy and financial system. Those flaws, critics argue, show it is simply  too risky for the world's central banks to rely largely on the dollar for their  global reserves. 
At the same time, Beijing has taken unprecedented steps  to increase the international role of its own currency, the yuan, to a level  commensurate with China's relatively new status as a major economic power. In  the coming weeks, the International Monetary Fund -- the institution charged  with the monitoring and stability of the global economy -- will issue a vast  amount of currency-like assets known as Special Drawing Rights, which some  analysts see as a long-term substitute for the hordes of dollar reserves being  held by central banks around the world. Some now envision that the dollar will  fall from its recent levels of 60 to 65 percent of international reserves to  less than 50 percent a decade from now. 
A diminishing of the dollar's  global role has far-reaching implications for the United States. The value of  the dollar versus other major currencies could markedly drop as it slips from  supremacy, making millions of Americans overseas feel poorer while potentially  fueling a new golden era for U.S. exporters as American goods become more  cost-competitive. The U.S. government may also be forced to pay higher rates to  investors when selling, for instance, Treasury bonds to raise cash -- making it  far more costly in the future to cover the kind of massive stimulus spending the  government is now undertaking. 
"The dollar's global status has allowed  the U.S. to have a free pass on financing our deficit as opposed to countries  like Brazil, who are punished by international currency investors for risky  behavior," said Martin Weiss, author of the "Ultimate Depression Survival  Guide." "But if the dollar is no longer the currency everybody wants or must  have to continue doing business, that is going to be much, much harder to do."