
If  you’re dismayed that one in five Americans (20 percent) are “nones” —  people who claim no particular religious identity — brace yourself.
 
 How does 38 percent sound?
 
 That’s what religion researcher David Kinnaman calculates when he  adds “the unchurched, the never-churched and the skeptics” to the nones.
 
 He calls his new category “churchless,” the same title Kinnaman  has given his new book. By his count, roughly four in 10 people living  in the continental United States are actually “post-Christian” and  “essentially secular in belief and practice.”
 
 If asked, the “churchless” would likely check the “Christian” box  on a survey, even though they may not have darkened the door of a church  in years.
 
 Kinnaman, president of the California-based Barna Group, slides  them into this new category based on 15 measures of identity, belief and  practice in more than 23,000 interviews in 20 surveys.
 
 The research looked at church worship attendance and  participation, views about the Bible, God and Jesus, and more to see  whether folks were actually tied to Christian life in a meaningful way  or tied more by habit or personal history.
 
 Ed Stetzer, president of LifeWay Research, once called nominals —  people attached by name only — “survey Christians.” They don’t want to  cut ties with their parents or go all the way to atheism, Stetzer said,  “so they just say ‘Christian’ since it is the default category from  their heritage.”
 
 Kinnaman now has the numbers to back that up.
 
 “We are far from becoming an atheist nation,” he said. “There are  tens of millions of active believers in America today. But the wall  between the churched and the churchless is growing higher and more  impenetrable as more people have no muscle memory of what it means to be  a regular attender at a house of worship.”
 
 How these people think, pray and use their time is shifting away  from a faith-based perspective. As a result, a churchless or secular  worldview “is becoming its own social force.”
 
 When political scientists burrow into election results, they may  find that church attendance is less and less useful for predicting or  evaluating political social and cultural attitudes. If you are not  around people of strong belief, there’s not a lot of spillover impact.
 
 Stephen Mockabee, an associate professor of political science at  University of Cincinnati, has compared church attendance to medication:  “It’s not only the drug but also the dose that matters.”
 
 The churchless come in several tribes, according to Kinnaman.
 
 About a third (32 percent) still identify as Christian. They say  they believe in God but they’re wobbly on connections. Kinnaman calls  them “Christianized but not very active.”
 
 That might include Katie West of Mount Sterling, Ky., or Mike Wilson of Webster City, Iowa.
 
 West keeps the Christian label because, she said, “I follow or at  least try to follow the teachings of Christ.” She avoids religious  services “unless roped into a wedding or funeral,” but considers herself  “a spiritual person without looking at a Bible.”
 
 Wilson is the paid webmaster for a Lutheran church but he can’t  recall the last time he attended a worship service or read the Bible. He  checks the Christian box if asked in a survey, even though he resonates  more with Buddhist and other Eastern philosophies.
 
 “Religion is the starting point to enlightenment, but at some  point you have to take that leap of faith and make your personal  relationship with God exactly that — personal,” Wilson said. “So if you  can find a religion that encompasses that better than Christianity, I  will call myself that.”
 
 Other “tribes” among the churchless include:
 
 • 25 percent are self-identified atheist or agnostics. Kinnaman  calls them “skeptics.” And their ranks have changed in the last two  decades. The percentage of women is up to 43 percent from 16 percent  since 1993. Highly educated and more mainstream than before, “this group  is here to stay,” he said.
 • 27 percent belong to other faith groups such as Jewish or Muslim or call themselves spiritual but not religious.
 • 16 percent are Christians — people with a committed relationship  with Christ, Kinnaman said — who don’t go to church anymore.
 
 Kinnaman predicts no change in direction. He concluded: “The younger the generation, the more post-Christian it is”:
 
 • Millennials (born between 1984 and 2002) — 48 percent 
 • Gen X-ers (born between 1965 and 1983) — 40 percent 
 • Boomers (born between 1946 and 1964) — 35 percent 
 • Elders (born in 1945 or earlier) — 28 percent
 
 Karen King, 52, a dispatch scheduler for a local transit agency in  Mount Vernon, Wash., knows her state is among the least churched in the  nation. Yet among the secular crowds, there are plenty of churchgoers.
 
 “I know because I schedule people to get to churches through  Dial-A-Ride. There must be 40 or 50 churches between Mount Vernon and  nearby Burlington.”
 
 And King goes to none of them.
 
 The granddaughter of a Presbyterian pastor, King says she hasn’t  been to church for a worship service in more than 30 years. Her  daughter, a millennial and a pagan, doesn’t go either.
 
 Although King still thinks of herself as a Christian, she has  stepped back from denominational brands. Instead, she says, she just  tries to show love.
 
 “I do random acts of kindness. I talk to God when I think I need  to. I think I have a good connection to Mother God and Father God.”