
Most people in the English-speaking parts of the world missed Putin's  speech at the Valdai conference in Sochi a few days ago, and, chances  are, those of you who have heard of the speech didn't get a chance to  read it, and missed its importance. (For your convenience, I am pasting  in the full transcript of his speech below.) Western media did their  best to ignore it or to twist its meaning. Regardless of what you think  or don't think of Putin (like the sun and the moon, he does not exist  for you to cultivate an opinion) this is probably the most important political speech since Churchill's “Iron Curtain” speech of March 5, 1946.
 
 In this speech, Putin abruptly changed the rules of the game.  Previously, the game of international politics was played as follows:  politicians made public pronouncements, for the sake of maintaining a  pleasant fiction of national sovereignty, but they were strictly for  show and had nothing to do with the substance of international politics;  in the meantime, they engaged in secret back-room negotiations, in  which the actual deals were hammered out. Previously, Putin tried to  play this game, expecting only that Russia be treated as an equal. But  these hopes have been dashed, and at this conference he declared the  game to be over, explicitly violating Western taboo by speaking directly to the people over the heads of elite clans and political leaders.
 
 The Russian blogger chipstone summarized the most salient points from Putin speech as follows:
 
 1. Russia will no longer play games and engage in back-room negotiations  over trifles. But Russia is prepared for serious conversations and  agreements, if these are conducive to collective security, are based on  fairness and take into account the interests of each side.
 
 2. All systems of global collective security now lie in ruins. There are no longer any international security guarantees at all. And  the entity that destroyed them has a name: The United States of America.
 
 3. The builders of the New World Order have failed, having built a  sand castle. Whether or not a new world order of any sort is to be  built is not just Russia's decision, but it is a decision that will not  be made without Russia.
 
 4. Russia favors a conservative approach to introducing innovations into  the social order, but is not opposed to investigating and discussing  such innovations, to see if introducing any of them might be justified.
 
 5. Russia has no intention of going fishing in the murky waters created  by America's ever-expanding “empire of chaos,” and has no interest in  building a new empire of her own (this is unnecessary; Russia's  challenges lie in developing her already vast territory). Neither is  Russia willing to act as a savior of the world, as she had in the past.
 
 6. Russia will not attempt to reformat the world in her own image, but  neither will she allow anyone to reformat her in their image. Russia  will not close herself off from the world, but anyone who tries to close  her off from the world will be sure to reap a whirlwind.
 
 7. Russia does not wish for the chaos to spread, does not want war, and has no intention of starting one. However, today Russia sees the outbreak of global war as almost inevitable, is prepared for it, and is continuing to prepare for it. Russia does not war—nor does she fear it.
 
 8. Russia does not intend to take an active role in thwarting those who  are still attempting to construct their New World Order—until their  efforts start to impinge on Russia's key interests. Russia would prefer  to stand by and watch them give themselves as many lumps as their poor  heads can take. But those who manage to drag Russia into this process,  through disregard for her interests, will be taught the true meaning of pain.
 
 9. In her external, and, even more so, internal politics, Russia's power  will rely not on the elites and their back-room dealing, but on the will of the people.
 
 To these nine points I would like to add a tenth:
 
 10. There is still a chance to construct a new world order that will  avoid a world war. This new world order must of necessity include the  United States—but can only do so on the same terms as everyone else:  subject to international law and international agreements; refraining  from all unilateral action; in full respect of the sovereignty of other  nations.
 
 To sum it all up: play-time is over. Children, put away your toys. Now  is the time for the adults to make decisions. Russia is ready for this;  is the world?
 
It was mentioned already that the club has new co-organizers this year.  They include Russian non-governmental organizations, expert groups and  leading universities. The idea was also raised of broadening the  discussions to include not just issues related to Russia itself but also  global politics and the economy.
 
 An organization and content will bolster the club’s influence as a  leading discussion and expert forum. At the same time, I hope the  ‘Valdai spirit’ will remain – this free and open atmosphere and chance  to express all manner of very different and frank opinions.
 
 Let me say in this respect that I will also not let you down and will  speak directly and frankly. Some of what I say might seem a bit too  harsh, but if we do not speak directly and honestly about what we really  think, then there is little point in even meeting in this way. It would  be better in that case just to keep to diplomatic get-togethers, where  no one says anything of real sense and, recalling the words of one  famous diplomat, you realize that diplomats have tongues so as not to  speak the truth.
 We get together for other reasons. We get together so as to talk  frankly with each other. We need to be direct and blunt today not so as  to trade barbs, but so as to attempt to get to the bottom of what is  actually happening in the world, try to understand why the world is  becoming less safe and more unpredictable, and why the risks are  increasing everywhere around us.
 
 Today’s discussion took place under the theme: New Rules or a Game  without Rules. I think that this formula accurately describes the  historic turning point we have reached today and the choice we all face.  There is nothing new of course in the idea that the world is changing  very fast. I know this is something you have spoken about at the  discussions today. It is certainly hard not to notice the dramatic  transformations in global politics and the economy, public life, and in  industry, information and social technologies.
 
 Let me ask you right now to forgive me if I end up repeating what some  of the discussion’s participants have already said. It’s practically  impossible to avoid. You have already held detailed discussions, but I  will set out my point of view. It will coincide with other participants’  views on some points and differ on others.
 
 As we analyze today’s situation, let us not forget history’s lessons.  First of all, changes in the world order – and what we are seeing today  are events on this scale – have usually been accompanied by if not  global war and conflict, then by chains of intensive local-level  conflicts. Second, global politics is above all about economic  leadership, issues of war and peace, and the humanitarian dimension,  including human rights.
 
 The world is full of contradictions today. We need to be frank in asking  each other if we have a reliable safety net in place. Sadly, there is  no guarantee and no certainty that the current system of global and  regional security is able to protect us from upheavals. This system has  become seriously weakened, fragmented and deformed. The international  and regional political, economic, and cultural cooperation organizations  are also going through difficult times.
 
 Yes, many of the mechanisms we have for ensuring the world order were  created quite a long time ago now, including and above all in the period  immediately following World War II. Let me stress that the solidity of  the system created back then rested not only on the balance of power and  the rights of the victor countries, but on the fact that this system’s  ‘founding fathers’ had respect for each other, did not try to put the  squeeze on others, but attempted to reach agreements.
 
 The main thing is that this system needs to develop, and despite its  various shortcomings, needs to at least be capable of keeping the  world’s current problems within certain limits and regulating the  intensity of the natural competition between countries.
 
 It is my conviction that we could not take this mechanism of checks and  balances that we built over the last decades, sometimes with such effort  and difficulty, and simply tear it apart without building anything in  its place. Otherwise we would be left with no instruments other than  brute force.
 
 What we needed to do was to carry out a rational reconstruction and  adapt it the new realities in the system of international relations.
 
 But the United States, having declared itself the winner of the Cold  War, saw no need for this. Instead of establishing a new balance of  power, essential for maintaining order and stability, they took steps  that threw the system into sharp and deep imbalance.
 
 The Cold War ended, but it did not end with the signing of a peace  treaty with clear and transparent agreements on respecting existing  rules or creating new rules and standards. This created the impression  that the so-called ‘victors’ in the Cold War had decided to pressure  events and reshape the world to suit their own needs and interests. If  the existing system of international relations, international law and  the checks and balances in place got in the way of these aims, this  system was declared worthless, outdated and in need of immediate  demolition. 
 
 Pardon the analogy, but this is the way nouveaux riches behave when  they suddenly end up with a great fortune, in this case, in the shape of  world leadership and domination. Instead of managing their wealth  wisely, for their own benefit too of course, I think they have committed  many follies.
 
 We have entered a period of differing interpretations and deliberate  silences in world politics. International law has been forced to retreat  over and over by the onslaught of legal nihilism. Objectivity and  justice have been sacrificed on the altar of political expediency.  Arbitrary interpretations and biased assessments have replaced legal  norms. At the same time, total control of the global mass media has made  it possible when desired to portray white as black and black as white.
 
 In a situation where you had domination by one country and its allies,  or its satellites rather, the search for global solutions often turned  into an attempt to impose their own universal recipes. This group’s  ambitions grew so big that they started presenting the policies they put  together in their corridors of power as the view of the entire  international community. But this is not the case.
 
 The very notion of ‘national sovereignty’ became a relative value for  most countries. In essence, what was being proposed was the formula: the  greater the loyalty towards the world’s sole power centre, the greater  this or that ruling regime’s legitimacy.
 
 We will have a free discussion afterwards and I will be happy to answer  your questions and would also like to use my right to ask you questions.  Let someone try to disprove the arguments that I just set out during  the upcoming discussion.
 
 The measures taken against those who refuse to submit are well-known and  have been tried and tested many times. They include use of force,  economic and propaganda pressure, meddling in domestic affairs, and  appeals to a kind of ‘supra-legal’ legitimacy when they need to justify  illegal intervention in this or that conflict or toppling inconvenient  regimes. Of late, we have increasing evidence too that outright  blackmail has been used with regard to a number of leaders. It is not  for nothing that ‘big brother’ is spending billions of dollars on  keeping the whole world, including its own closest allies, under  surveillance.
 
 Let’s ask ourselves, how comfortable are we with this, how safe are we,  how happy living in this world, and how fair and rational has it become?  Maybe, we have no real reasons to worry, argue and ask awkward  questions? Maybe the United States’ exceptional position and the way  they are carrying out their leadership really is a blessing for us all,  and their meddling in events all around the world is bringing peace,  prosperity, progress, growth and democracy, and we should maybe just  relax and enjoy it all?
 
 Let me say that this is not the case, absolutely not the case.
 
 A unilateral diktat and imposing one’s own models produces the opposite  result. Instead of settling conflicts it leads to their escalation,  instead of sovereign and stable states we see the growing spread of  chaos, and instead of democracy there is support for a very dubious  public ranging from open neo-fascists to Islamic radicals.
 
 Why do they support such people? They do this because they decide to use  them as instruments along the way in achieving their goals but then  burn their fingers and recoil. I never cease to be amazed by the way  that our partners just keep stepping on the same rake, as we say here in  Russia, that is to say, make the same mistake over and over.
 
 They once sponsored Islamic extremist movements to fight the Soviet  Union. Those groups got their battle experience in Afghanistan and later  gave birth to the Taliban and Al-Qaeda. The West if not supported, at  least closed its eyes, and, I would say, gave information, political and  financial support to international terrorists’ invasion of Russia (we  have not forgotten this) and the Central Asian region’s countries. Only  after horrific terrorist attacks were committed on US soil itself did  the United States wake up to the common threat of terrorism. Let me  remind you that we were the first country to support the American people  back then, the first to react as friends and partners to the terrible  tragedy of September 11.
 
 During my conversations with American and European leaders, I always  spoke of the need to fight terrorism together, as a challenge on a  global scale. We cannot resign ourselves to and accept this threat,  cannot cut it into separate pieces using double standards. Our partners  expressed agreement, but a little time passed and we ended up back where  we started. First there was the military operation in Iraq, then in  Libya, which got pushed to the brink of falling apart. Why was Libya  pushed into this situation? Today it is a country in danger of breaking  apart and has become a training ground for terrorists.
 
 Only the current Egyptian leadership’s determination and wisdom saved  this key Arab country from chaos and having extremists run rampant. In  Syria, as in the past, the United States and its allies started directly  financing and arming rebels and allowing them to fill their ranks with  mercenaries from various countries. Let me ask where do these rebels get  their money, arms and military specialists? Where does all this come  from? How did the notorious ISIL manage to become such a powerful group,  essentially a real armed force?  
 
 As for financing sources, today, the money is coming not just from  drugs, production of which has increased not just by a few percentage  points but many-fold, since the international coalition forces have been  present in Afghanistan. You are aware of this. The terrorists are  getting money from selling oil too. Oil is produced in territory  controlled by the terrorists, who sell it at dumping prices, produce it  and transport it. But someone buys this oil, resells it, and makes a  profit from it, not thinking about the fact that they are thus financing  terrorists who could come sooner or later to their own soil and sow  destruction in their own countries.
 
 Where do they get new recruits? In Iraq, after Saddam Hussein was  toppled, the state’s institutions, including the army, were left in  ruins. We said back then, be very, very careful. You are driving people  out into the street, and what will they do there? Don’t forget  (rightfully or not) that they were in the leadership of a large regional  power, and what are you now turning them into?
 
 What was the result? Tens of thousands of soldiers, officers and former  Baath Party activists were turned out into the streets and today have  joined the rebels’ ranks. Perhaps this is what explains why the Islamic  State group has turned out so effective? In military terms, it is acting  very effectively and has some very professional people. Russia warned  repeatedly about the dangers of unilateral military actions, intervening  in sovereign states’ affairs, and flirting with extremists and  radicals. We insisted on having the groups fighting the central Syrian  government, above all the Islamic State, included on the lists of  terrorist organizations. But did we see any results? We appealed in  vain.
 
 We sometimes get the impression that our colleagues and friends are  constantly fighting the consequences of their own policies, throw all  their effort into addressing the risks they themselves have created, and  pay an ever-greater price.
 
 Colleagues, this period of unipolar domination has convincingly  demonstrated that having only one power centre does not make global  processes more manageable. On the contrary, this kind of unstable  construction has shown its inability to fight the real threats such as  regional conflicts, terrorism, drug trafficking, religious fanaticism,  chauvinism and neo-Nazism. At the same time, it has opened the road wide  for inflated national pride, manipulating public opinion and letting  the strong bully and suppress the weak.
 
 Essentially, the unipolar world is simply a means of justifying  dictatorship over people and countries. The unipolar world turned out  too uncomfortable, heavy and unmanageable a burden even for the  self-proclaimed leader. Comments along this line were made here just  before and I fully agree with this. This is why we see attempts at this  new historic stage to recreate a semblance of a quasi-bipolar world as a  convenient model for perpetuating American leadership. It does not  matter who takes the place of the centre of evil in American propaganda,  the USSR’s old place as the main adversary. It could be Iran, as a  country seeking to acquire nuclear technology, China, as the world’s  biggest economy, or Russia, as a nuclear superpower.
 
 Today, we are seeing new efforts to fragment the world, draw new  dividing lines, put together coalitions not built for something but  directed against someone, anyone, create the image of an enemy as was  the case during the Cold War years, and obtain the right to this  leadership, or diktat if you wish. The situation was presented this way  during the Cold War. We all understand this and know this. The United  States always told its allies: “We have a common enemy, a terrible foe,  the centre of evil, and we are defending you, our allies, from this foe,  and so we have the right to order you around, force you to sacrifice  your political and economic interests and pay your share of the costs  for this collective defense, but we will be the ones in charge of it all  of course.” In short, we see today attempts in a new and changing world  to reproduce the familiar models of global management, and all this so  as to guarantee their [the US’] exceptional position and reap political  and economic dividends.
 
 But these attempts are increasingly divorced from reality and are in  contradiction with the world’s diversity. Steps of this kind inevitably  create confrontation and countermeasures and have the opposite effect to  the hoped-for goals. We see what happens when politics rashly starts  meddling in the economy and the logic of rational decisions gives way to  the logic of confrontation that only hurt one’s own economic positions  and interests, including national business interests.
 
 Joint economic projects and mutual investment objectively bring  countries closer together and help to smooth out current problems in  relations between states. But today, the global business community faces  unprecedented pressure from Western governments. What business,  economic expediency and pragmatism can we speak of when we hear slogans  such as “the homeland is in danger”, “the free world is under threat”,  and “democracy is in jeopardy”? And so everyone needs to mobilize. That  is what a real mobilization policy looks like.
 
 Sanctions are already undermining the foundations of world trade, the  WTO rules and the principle of inviolability of private property. They  are dealing a blow to liberal model of globalization based on markets,  freedom and competition, which, let me note, is a model that has  primarily benefited precisely the Western countries. And now they risk  losing trust as the leaders of globalization. We have to ask ourselves,  why was this necessary? After all, the United States’ prosperity rests  in large part on the trust of investors and foreign holders of dollars  and US securities. This trust is clearly being undermined and signs of  disappointment in the fruits of globalization are visible now in many  countries.  
The well-known Cyprus precedent and the politically  motivated sanctions have only strengthened the trend towards seeking to  bolster economic and financial sovereignty and countries’ or their  regional groups’ desire to find ways of protecting themselves from the  risks of outside pressure. We already see that more and more countries  are looking for ways to become less dependent on the dollar and are  setting up alternative financial and payments systems and reserve  currencies. I think that our American friends are quite simply cutting  the branch they are sitting on. You cannot mix politics and the economy,  but this is what is happening now. I have always thought and still  think today that politically motivated sanctions were a mistake that  will harm everyone, but I am sure that we will come back to this subject  later.
 
 We know how these decisions were taken and who was applying the  pressure. But let me stress that Russia is not going to get all worked  up, get offended or come begging at anyone’s door. Russia is a  self-sufficient country. We will work within the foreign economic  environment that has taken shape, develop domestic production and  technology and act more decisively to carry out transformation. Pressure  from outside, as has been the case on past occasions, will only  consolidate our society, keep us alert and make us concentrate on our  main development goals.
 
 Of course the sanctions are a hindrance. They are trying to hurt us  through these sanctions, block our development and push us into  political, economic and cultural isolation, force us into backwardness  in other words. But let me say yet again that the world is a very  different place today. We have no intention of shutting ourselves off  from anyone and choosing some kind of closed development road, trying to  live in autarky. We are always open to dialogue, including on  normalizing our economic and political relations. We are counting here  on the pragmatic approach and position of business communities in the  leading countries.
 
 Some are saying today that Russia is supposedly turning its back on  Europe – such words were probably spoken already here too during the  discussions – and is looking for new business partners, above all in  Asia. Let me say that this is absolutely not the case. Our active policy  in the Asian-Pacific region began not just yesterday and not in  response to sanctions, but is a policy that we have been following for a  good many years now. Like many other countries, including Western  countries, we saw that Asia is playing an ever greater role in the  world, in the economy and in politics, and there is simply no way we can  afford to overlook these developments.
 
 Let me say again that everyone is doing this, and we will do so to, all  the more so as a large part of our country is geographically in Asia.  Why should we not make use of our competitive advantages in this area?  It would be extremely shortsighted not to do so.
 
 Developing economic ties with these countries and carrying out joint  integration projects also creates big incentives for our domestic  development. Today’s demographic, economic and cultural trends all  suggest that dependence on a sole superpower will objectively decrease.  This is something that European and American experts have been talking  and writing about too.
 
 Perhaps developments in global politics will mirror the developments we  are seeing in the global economy, namely, intensive competition for  specific niches and frequent change of leaders in specific areas. This  is entirely possible.
 
 There is no doubt that humanitarian factors such as education, science,  healthcare and culture are playing a greater role in global competition.  This also has a big impact on international relations, including  because this ‘soft power’ resource will depend to a great extent on real  achievements in developing human capital rather than on sophisticated  propaganda tricks.
 
 At the same time, the formation of a so-called polycentric world (I  would also like to draw attention to this, colleagues) in and of itself  does not improve stability; in fact, it is more likely to be the  opposite. The goal of reaching global equilibrium is turning into a  fairly difficult puzzle, an equation with many unknowns.
 So, what is in store for us if we choose not to live by the rules – even  if they may be strict and inconvenient – but rather live without any  rules at all? And that scenario is entirely possible; we cannot rule it  out, given the tensions in the global situation. Many predictions can  already be made, taking into account current trends, and unfortunately,  they are not optimistic. If we do not create a clear system of mutual  commitments and agreements, if we do not build the mechanisms for  managing and resolving crisis situations, the symptoms of global anarchy  will inevitably grow.
 
 Today, we already see a sharp increase in the likelihood of a whole set  of violent conflicts with either direct or indirect participation by the  world’s major powers. And the risk factors include not just traditional  multinational conflicts, but also the internal instability in separate  states, especially when we talk about nations located at the  intersections of major states’ geopolitical interests, or on the border  of cultural, historical, and economic civilizational continents.
 
 Ukraine, which I’m sure was discussed at length and which we will  discuss some more, is one of the example of such sorts of conflicts that  affect international power balance, and I think it will certainly not  be the last. From here emanates the next real threat of destroying the  current system of arms control agreements. And this dangerous process  was launched by the United States of America when it unilaterally  withdrew from the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty in 2002, and then set  about and continues today to actively pursue the creation of its global  missile defense system.
 
 Colleagues, friends, I want to point out that we did not start this.  Once again, we are sliding into the times when, instead of the balance  of interests and mutual guarantees, it is fear and the balance of mutual  destruction that prevent nations from engaging in direct conflict. In  absence of legal and political instruments, arms are once again becoming  the focal point of the global agenda; they are used wherever and  however, without any UN Security Council sanctions. And if the Security  Council refuses to produce such decisions, then it is immediately  declared to be an outdated and ineffective instrument.
 
 Many states do not see any other ways of ensuring their sovereignty but  to obtain their own bombs. This is extremely dangerous. We insist on  continuing talks; we are not only in favor of talks, but insist on  continuing talks to reduce nuclear arsenals. The less nuclear weapons we  have in the world, the better. And we are ready for the most serious,  concrete discussions on nuclear disarmament – but only serious  discussions without any double standards.
 
 What do I mean? Today, many types of high-precision weaponry are already  close to mass-destruction weapons in terms of their capabilities, and  in the event of full renunciation of nuclear weapons or radical  reduction of nuclear potential, nations that are leaders in creating and  producing high-precision systems will have a clear military advantage.  Strategic parity will be disrupted, and this is likely to bring  destabilization. The use of a so-called first global pre-emptive strike  may become tempting. In short, the risks do not decrease, but intensify.
 
 The next obvious threat is the further escalation of ethnic, religious,  and social conflicts. Such conflicts are dangerous not only as such, but  also because they create zones of anarchy, lawlessness, and chaos  around them, places that are comfortable for terrorists and criminals,  where piracy, human trafficking, and drug trafficking flourish.
 
 Incidentally, at the time, our colleagues tried to somehow manage these  processes, use regional conflicts and design ‘color revolutions’ to suit  their interests, but the genie escaped the bottle. It looks like the  controlled chaos theory fathers themselves do not know what to do with  it; there is disarray in their ranks.
 
 We closely follow the discussions by both the ruling elite and the  expert community. It is enough to look at the headlines of the Western  press over the last year. The same people are called fighters for  democracy, and then Islamists; first they write about revolutions and  then call them riots and upheavals. The result is obvious: the further  expansion of global chaos.
 
 Colleagues, given the global situation, it is time to start agreeing on  fundamental things. This is incredibly important and necessary; this is  much better than going back to our own corners. The more we all face  common problems, the more we find ourselves in the same boat, so to  speak. And the logical way out is in cooperation between nations,  societies, in finding collective answers to increasing challenges, and  in joint risk management. Granted, some of our partners, for some  reason, remember this only when it suits their interests.
 
 Practical experience shows that joint answers to challenges are not  always a panacea; and we need to understand this. Moreover, in most  cases, they are hard to reach; it is not easy to overcome the  differences in national interests, the subjectivity of different  approaches, particularly when it comes to nations with different  cultural and historical traditions. But nevertheless, we have examples  when, having common goals and acting based on the same criteria,  together we achieved real success.
 
 Let me remind you about solving the problem of chemical weapons in  Syria, and the substantive dialogue on the Iranian nuclear program, as  well as our work on North Korean issues, which also has some positive  results. Why can’t we use this experience in the future to solve local  and global challenges?
 What could be the legal, political, and economic basis for a new world  order that would allow for stability and security, while encouraging  healthy competition, not allowing the formation of new monopolies that  hinder development? It is unlikely that someone could provide absolutely  exhaustive, ready-made solutions right now. We will need extensive work  with participation by a wide range of governments, global businesses,  civil society, and such expert platforms as ours.
 
 However, it is obvious that success and real results are only possible  if key participants in international affairs can agree on harmonizing  basic interests, on reasonable self-restraint, and set the example of  positive and responsible leadership. We must clearly identify where  unilateral actions end and we need to apply multilateral mechanisms, and  as part of improving the effectiveness of international law, we must  resolve the dilemma between the actions by international community to  ensure security and human rights and the principle of national  sovereignty and non-interference in the internal affairs of any state.
 
 Those very collisions increasingly lead to arbitrary external  interference in complex internal processes, and time and again, they  provoke dangerous conflicts between leading global players. The issue of  maintaining sovereignty becomes almost paramount in maintaining and  strengthening global stability.
 
 Clearly, discussing the criteria for the use of external force is  extremely difficult; it is practically impossible to separate it from  the interests of particular nations. However, it is far more dangerous  when there are no agreements that are clear to everyone, when no clear  conditions are set for necessary and legal interference.
 
 I will add that international relations must be based on international  law, which itself should rest on moral principles such as justice,  equality and truth. Perhaps most important is respect for one’s partners  and their interests. This is an obvious formula, but simply following  it could radically change the global situation.
 
 I am certain that if there is a will, we can restore the effectiveness  of the international and regional institutions system. We do not even  need to build anything anew, from the scratch; this is not a  “greenfield,” especially since the institutions created after World War  II are quite universal and can be given modern substance, adequate to  manage the current situation.
 
 This is true of improving the work of the UN, whose central role is  irreplaceable, as well as the OSCE, which, over the course of 40 years,  has proven to be a necessary mechanism for ensuring security and  cooperation in the Euro-Atlantic region. I must say that even now, in  trying to resolve the crisis in southeast Ukraine, the OSCE is playing a  very positive role.
 
 In light of the fundamental changes in the international environment,  the increase in uncontrollability and various threats, we need a new  global consensus of responsible forces. It’s not about some local deals  or a division of spheres of influence in the spirit of classic  diplomacy, or somebody’s complete global domination. I think that we  need a new version of interdependence. We should not be afraid of it. On  the contrary, this is a good instrument for harmonizing positions.
 
 This is particularly relevant given the strengthening and growth of  certain regions on the planet, which process objectively requires  institutionalization of such new poles, creating powerful regional  organizations and developing rules for their interaction. Cooperation  between these centers would seriously add to the stability of global  security, policy and economy.  But in order to establish such a  dialogue, we need to proceed from the assumption that all regional  centers and integration projects forming around them need to have equal  rights to development, so that they can complement each other and nobody  can force them into conflict or opposition artificially. Such  destructive actions would break down ties between states, and the states  themselves would be subjected to extreme hardship, or perhaps even  total destruction.
 
 I would like to remind you of the last year’s events. We have told our  American and European partners that hasty backstage decisions, for  example, on Ukraine’s association with the EU, are fraught with serious  risks to the economy. We didn’t even say anything about politics; we  spoke only about the economy, saying that such steps, made without any  prior arrangements, touch on the interests of many other nations,  including Russia as Ukraine’s main trade partner, and that a wide  discussion of the issues is necessary. Incidentally, in this regard, I  will remind you that, for example, the talks on Russia’s accession to  the WTO lasted 19 years. This was very difficult work, and a certain  consensus was reached.
 
 Why am I bringing this up? Because in implementing Ukraine’s association  project, our partners would come to us with their goods and services  through the back gate, so to speak, and we did not agree to this, nobody  asked us about this. We had discussions on all topics related to  Ukraine’s association with the EU, persistent discussions, but I want to  stress that this was done in an entirely civilized manner, indicating  possible problems, showing the obvious reasoning and arguments. Nobody  wanted to listen to us and nobody wanted to talk. They simply told us:  this is none of your business, point, end of discussion. Instead of a  comprehensive but – I stress – civilized dialogue, it all came down to a  government overthrow; they plunged the country into chaos, into  economic and social collapse, into a civil war with enormous casualties.
 
 Why? When I ask my colleagues why, they no longer have an answer; nobody  says anything. That’s it. Everyone’s at a loss, saying it just turned  out that way. Those actions should not have been encouraged – it  wouldn’t have worked. After all (I already spoke about this), former  Ukrainian President Yanukovych signed everything, agreed with  everything. Why do it? What was the point? What is this, a civilized way  of solving problems? Apparently, those who constantly throw together  new ‘color revolutions’ consider themselves ‘brilliant artists’ and  simply cannot stop.
 
 I am certain that the work of integrated associations, the cooperation  of regional structures, should be built on a transparent, clear basis;  the Eurasian Economic Union’s formation process is a good example of  such transparency. The states that are parties to this project informed  their partners of their plans in advance, specifying the parameters of  our association, the principles of its work, which fully correspond with  the World Trade Organization rules.
 
 I will add that we would also have welcomed the start of a concrete  dialogue between the Eurasian and European Union. Incidentally, they  have almost completely refused us this as well, and it is also unclear  why – what is so scary about it?
 
 And, of course, with such joint work, we would think that we need to  engage in dialogue (I spoke about this many times and heard agreement  from many of our western partners, at least in Europe) on the need to  create a common space for economic and humanitarian cooperation  stretching all the way from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean.
 
 Colleagues, Russia made its choice. Our priorities are further improving  our democratic and open economy institutions, accelerated internal  development, taking into account all the positive modern trends in the  world, and consolidating society based on traditional values and  patriotism.
 
 We have an integration-oriented, positive, peaceful agenda; we are  working actively with our colleagues in the Eurasian Economic Union, the  Shanghai Cooperation Organization, BRICS and other partners. This  agenda is aimed at developing ties between governments, not  dissociating. We are not planning to cobble together any blocs or get  involved in an exchange of blows.
 
 The allegations and statements that Russia is trying to establish some  sort of empire, encroaching on the sovereignty of its neighbors, are  groundless. Russia does not need any kind of special, exclusive place in  the world – I want to emphasize this. While respecting the interests of  others, we simply want for our own interests to be taken into account  and for our position to be respected.
 
 We are well aware that the world has entered an era of changes and  global transformations, when we all need a particular degree of caution,  the ability to avoid thoughtless steps. In the years after the Cold  War, participants in global politics lost these qualities somewhat. Now,  we need to remember them. Otherwise, hopes for a peaceful, stable  development will be a dangerous illusion, while today’s turmoil will  simply serve as a prelude to the collapse of world order.
 
 Yes, of course, I have already said that building a more stable world  order is a difficult task. We are talking about long and hard work. We  were able to develop rules for interaction after World War II, and we  were able to reach an agreement in Helsinki in the 1970s. Our common  duty is to resolve this fundamental challenge at this new stage of  development.
 
 Thank you very much for your attention.