
More than three years after he decided to boycott peace talks with Israel,  Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas finally agreed last week to return  to the negotiating table.
 Abbas's decision came after a series of  meetings with U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry, who took it upon himself, ever  since he assumed office, to revive the stalled peace talks.
 Kerry's  dramatic announcement last Friday in the Jordanian capital of Amman about the  resumption of the Israeli-Palestinian peace talks did not come as a surprise to  many Palestinians, especially those familiar Abbas's performance.
 By agreeing to resume the peace talks with Israel, Abbas is taking a big  gamble.
 His critics argue that Abbas dropped all his previous  conditions for resuming the peace talks, particularly a full cessation of  settlement construction and Israeli recognition of the pre-1967 lines.
 The critics claim that all what Abbas received from Kerry were "verbal  assurances" that Israel would accept his conditions. The critics maintain that  in the eyes of Abbas's people, the absence of written assurances from the  Americans will undermine his credibility.
 Abbas's decision has  already earned him the wrath of many Palestinians, including members of his  Fatah faction.
 With the exception of Fatah, all PLO factions have  come out against the resumption of the peace talks under Kerry's terms. These  factions include the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, Democratic  Front for the Liberation of Palestine and the Peoples' Party, in addition to  Hamas and Islamic Jihad.
 Kerry's announcement came exactly 24 hours  after PLO officials held a stormy meeting in Ramallah during which they refused  to support the idea of resuming the peace talks unless Israel accepted all their  demands.
 Among Palestinians, it was impossible to find one  individual or faction or movement that welcomed Kerry's announcement about the  resumption of the peace talks.
 For now, Abbas appears to be  determined to swim against the tide, prompting many Palestinians to denounce him  for committing "political suicide."
 So what drove Abbas to say yes  to Kerry?
 Palestinians in Ramallah said this week that Abbas was  being "dragged" against his will to the talks with Israel.
 "President Abbas could no longer tolerate the immense pressure put on him by  Kerry," explained a Palestinian Authority official.
 The official  said that Kerry had "threatened" to hold Abbas responsible for the failure of  his mission to revive the peace process -- a threat that apparently scared the  Palestinian Authority president into softening his position.
 Some  Palestinian officials have also talked about another threat made by Kerry --  this time to suspend financial aid or impose economic sanctions against the  Palestinian Authority. That threat also left Abbas in a state of panic, the  officials said.
 Other Palestinians, however, believe that Abbas's  decision is no more than a clever political gambit. They say that Abbas will  return to the peace talks for a number of months, after which he will once again  pull out and hold Israel fully responsible for the failure of the peace  process.
 Abbas will pull out of the talks once he realizes that  Israel is not going to accept all his demands, foremost a full withdrawal to the  pre-1967 lines and the "right of return" for Palestinians to their former homes  inside Israel.
 Pulling out of the negotiations and blaming Israel  for "obstructing" peace would facilitate Abbas's original plan to embark on  unilateral measures such as seeking full membership of a Palestinian state in  the United Nations and its agencies.
 The last time Israel was  blamed for the failure of the peace process was in the summer of 2000, when  Palestinian Chairman Yasser Arafat rejected former Prime Minister Ehud Barak's  offer at the botched Camp David summit.
 Arafat returned to Ramallah  to tell Palestinians that Israel does not want peace. A few weeks later the  second intifada erupted, claiming the lives of thousands of Israeli and  Palestinians.
 The same scenario is likely to be repeated when and  if Abbas walks out of the Kerry-sponsored peace talks -- an action meaning a  third intifada might be on its way.
 U.S. President William  Jefferson Clinton's attempt at the time to force Arafat to make peace with  Israel was what paved the way for the second intifada. Kerry, by forcing Abbas  to agree to something that most Palestinians are not willing to accept, appears  to be moving in the same direction.